Xavier University. Clay McManus. Xavier University, Economics CANCEL. Rating Do's and Don'ts. It's your turn to grade Professor Clay McManus. Please make sure this is accurate, or your entire rating may be removed. Examples: COS126, ECON238 online. Francis Xavier University l Spring Convocation 2o19 1 Spring Convocation 2o19 Charles V. Keating Centre Sunday, May 5, 2o19 St. Francis Xavier.
Xavier Church, bishop's residence, and St. Xavier College in 1848Xavier University is the fourth oldest Jesuit University and the sixth oldest Catholic university in the United States. The school was founded in 1831 as a men's college in downtown next to on Sycamore Street.
The Athenaeum, as it was then called, was dedicated to the patronage of Saint by Bishop on October 17, 1831. Upon Bishop 's request, the took control of The Athenaeum in 1840, and the name was changed to St. Xavier College in honor of the 16th century Jesuit missionary, St. Who, like the founder of the Jesuits, was a Spanish.St. Xavier College moved in 1912 to its current Norwood location, about 5 miles (8.0 km) north of downtown Cincinnati, after the purchase of 26 acres (0.11 km 2) from the Avondale Athletic Club.
The is now the seminary of the. Xavier College and officially split in 1919, though they did not become financially independent until 1934. The school's name was changed a second time to its current name, Xavier University, in 1930.The Williams College of Business was established in 1961 and Xavier's first doctoral program, in psychology, began in 1997. Xavier fully admitted women in 1969, but women began attending the college in 1914 in the evening, weekend, and summer school divisions., another Catholic college in Cincinnati, merged with Xavier University in 1980.In 2000, Xavier opened the doors to the, an arena for the.
Xavier also opened the in 2002.Smith Hall and the Conaton Learning Commons opened in 2010 as part of the James E. Hoff, S.J., Academic Quadrangle. Hoff was the University's 33rd President, 1991–2000., Hoff's successor and 34th President, still serves Xavier. Fenwick Place, a residential complex, opened in the fall of 2011.Campus. The Gallagher Student Center.The campus covers approximately 190 acres (0.77 km 2) in the City of (Norwood neighborhood) and features residential and academic malls, flanked by the older west campus and by the expanding east campus.
At the center of campus are the Gallagher Student Center and Bellarmine Chapel. Bellarmine Chapel's roof is in the shape of a hyperbolic paraboloid, also known as a, that will not collapse even if the Chapel walls were removed. The chapel is also home to an active parish community independent of the university.Academic mall Six buildings with sit elevated overlooking Victory Parkway to the west and resemble a single fortress.
Next to the Gallagher Student Center (north to south) is Science Row: Lindner Hall (Physics), Logan Hall (Chemistry), and Albers Hall (Biology). In the middle of this impressive chain is Hinkle Hall, the three-story Tudor-Gothic structure that is the oldest standing building on campus (1919) and whose were modeled after the Xavier Family Castle in,. It houses the Departments of Mathematics, Computer Science, English, History, Philosophy, and Theology. Schmidt Hall sits next as the University’s current Administration Building. It is followed by Edgecliff Hall which was Alumni Science Hall (1919) but was renamed after the former and is home to the Department of Music.On the opposite side of the mall to the east stands the tallest structure on campus, Schott Hall. It houses the Office of Admission and Office of Financial Aid as well as the Departments of Modern Languages, Classics, Communication Arts, Political Science, and Sociology. Next (south to north) is McDonald Library followed by Alter Hall, which has been completely rebuilt.
Alter Hall is the main classroom building on campus, and was reopened for the 2015 fall semester. Finally, Hailstones Hall, which was the former home of the Williams College of Business, is adjoined behind Alter to the east, and so is not truly on the mall. Alter and Hailstones are next to Bellarmine Chapel.Residential Mall To the north of the Academic Mall and on the opposite side of the Gallagher Student Center and Bellarmine Chapel is the Residential Mall. All four underclassmen residence halls are here.
Brockman Hall is due north of Gallagher and is an all-freshmen, community-style residence where about 300 students have one or two roommates and share a bathroom with their wing. Diagonally north across the mall is Buenger Hall.
Buenger accommodates over 200 freshmen and sophomore athletes and honors students in suites. Diagonally south across the mall from Brockman and due east of Gallagher are Kuhlman Hall and Husman Hall. Kuhlman and Husman together house about 1,000 freshmen and sophomore students and feature suite style, where students have one or two roommates and share a bathroom with another room. Between Kuhlman, Husman, and Gallagher is what is often referred to as 'The Xavier Yard,' a large open all-purpose area for students and events.Across Victory On the opposite side of Victory Parkway from the Academic and Residential malls is west campus.
It is home to most of the athletics and recreational sports with facilities including, Corcoran Soccer Field, Schmidt Fieldhouse, Corbett Physical Education Building, and the O'Connor Sports Center. Barbara Hall and the Armory are home to Xavier's ROTC. Joseph Hall and Elet Hall are home to the School of Education and Department of Psychology.Cintas Center and Cohen Center The, where the host their games, is adjacent to the Residential Mall.
Besides the 10,250-seat arena, Cintas also includes the Schiff Conference Center and the James and Caroline Duff Banquet Center. Cintas is surrounded on all sides by several parking lots, and on the far east side is the A. Cohen Center.
Cohen is home to the Art Department and Xavier Art Gallery, as well as the School of Nursing and departments of Criminal Justice, Social Work, Health Services Administration, and some of the offices of the School of Education.Campus growth As part of the latest construction on campus, a new residential complex called Fenwick Place opened in fall 2011 to the west of The Commons and south of the Residential Mall. It features four residential towers with 535 beds in a suite-style setup, similar to Buenger Hall, for sophomores and juniors. It is the home to a new dining center for all of campus. Fenwick Place opened for the 2011–2012 academic year.The Hoff Academic Quadrangle, to the south of Fenwick Place and east of the Academic Mall, opened in 2010. Smith Hall is home to the Williams College of Business and features a -style trading center with and two stock tickers.
Smith is also home to Xavier's MBA programs and Xavier's Entrepreneurial Center. The D'Artagnan Capital Fund (Xavier's undergraduate student investment fund) is in the building's Fifth Third Trading Center. Xavier's Entrepreneurship is ranked 11th nationally according to The Princeton Review. The Conaton Learning Commons is west of Smith Hall and next to the Academic Mall. The Learning Commons is home to all of Xavier's academic support services.Academics. Smith Hall, which houses the Williams College of BusinessXavier University offers 81 majors within the colleges of Arts and Sciences, Social Sciences, Health and Education, and the Williams College of Business. Several minors and pre-professional programs are also offered including a blended degree.
All students must complete the core curriculum.Undergraduate students attending Xavier must complete a significant number of that are more commonly known as the Core Curriculum. There are required courses in:, Foreign Language, and the. The Core Curriculum is a confluence of ideals known as the and a program. All students upon completion of a bachelor's degree have read, and selections from the among other original texts.Major requirements All undergraduate students are required to complete the Core Curriculum (see above) and comply with departmental requirements. Business majors (from the Williams College of Business) are also required to complete the Business Core, which consists of courses in Accounting, Business Law, Economics, Finance, Human Resources, Information Systems, Management, Marketing, and Statistics (the Business Core occupies 35 credit hours). Business majors, therefore, are only required to take 18–21 hours in their chosen field (providing many students with an incentive to declare a second major within the Williams College of Business).
Students in the other colleges (the College of Social Sciences and the College of Arts and Sciences) generally have to complete at least 60 credit hours of courses within the major and electives within the College. To graduate with a B.A. Degree, 120 credit hours must be obtained, and all students must achieve a 2.0 GPA minimum in their major course of study.
Most scholarships require a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Transfer scholarships are awarded based on GPA from previous university attended.Certain majors, such as Politics Philosophy and the Public (PPP), Honors Bachelor of Arts (HAB), and Philosophy, require a written thesis and defense before a selected committee. Musketeers logoXavier competes at the level in the, and their mascot is the.
Xavier sponsors eight intercollegiate sports for men, and eight sports for women. The University's graduation rate of 94% is the third highest graduation rate for athletes in the nation behind. Xavier sports teams have several traditional rivalries with local universities, including the and the.Xavier was a founding member of the in 1979. Renamed the Midwestern Collegiate Conference in 1985, it is now known as the Horizon League. Xavier was a member of the from 1995 to 2013 where it enjoyed many successful basketball seasons.
On March 20, 2013, the Xavier administration announced that the school will join the newly created following the, and moved to the new conference July 1, 2013.The basketball and volleyball teams play in the 10,250-seat on campus which opened in 2000. Men's basketball. Main article:The Xavier men's basketball team is perhaps the best known of the sports sponsored at Xavier. The team has enjoyed considerable recent success, reaching the in the in, and 2017 and still has not made a Final Four.
Since 1985, every men's basketball player who has played as a senior has graduated with a degree. During the era of college football's now-defunct, Xavier was one of only two schools outside the main BCS conferences (a group now known as the ) to be listed among the top 20 most valuable programs in college basketball (the other being ) according to. Football. Hayden Field seen from Hinkle HallThe Xavier baseball team won the and participated in the Nashville Regional. The 2009 Xavier Baseball team won the and participated in the Houston Regional.Swimming The Xavier men's swim team earned the school's first Big East Conference Championship in 2014. The team was led by head coach Brent MacDonald, who earned Big East Coach of the Year in 2014 and 2015. The Xavier men's swim team overall has captured the Big East Title in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2019 making it their fourth championship in the six years since joining the conference in 2013.
Club sports The club sports program is designed to serve the interests of Xavier University students, faculty, and staff in different sports and recreational activities. These interests may be competitive, recreational, and/or instructional in nature.The Xavier Men’s Volleyball Club Team took home 2nd place at Nationals in April of 2019. No other team in Xavier history has made it that far.Mascots Xavier is one of a handful of universities with two mascots. D'Artagnan, the Musketeer, is the university's official mascot and is the origin of the school's nickname, The Xavier Musketeers. The Musketeer concept was suggested in 1925 by the late Reverend Francis J.
Finn, S.J.The Blue Blob came about in 1985 when the spirit squad coordinators realized that a more audience-friendly mascot was needed. The musketeer mascot, who sported a handlebar mustache and a prop sword, scared younger spectators. The Blue Blob is a furry creature that has made several television and magazine appearances over the years, including a controversial PlayBoy appearance. The Blue Blob has Bobble-Body dolls, Plush replicas, and T-shirts made in his likeness, and an annual Blue Blob Appreciation Night during the Musketeer's basketball season. He most recently appeared on two ESPN commercials with member and anchors. Media Most Xavier games can be heard on. Joe Sunderman does the play-by-play and does color commentary.
Holds the local television rights to the Musketeers basketball games. Does play-by-play and Steve Wolf is the analyst. Over the air stations, and have held the rights to Xavier games in the past.Dorothy Day Center for Faith and Justice This center is an important part of Xavier University's mission to form men and women for others.
Student programs At the beginning of freshman year, the Center gives students opportunities to form community among themselves, with an effort at inclusiveness across all lines of faith and culture. They are then encouraged to join the other students in choosing from a variety of service opportunities.Students can pursue community service through the following programs: work in the Nexus community garden, weekly service with organizations in the Cincinnati area through the X-CHANGE program, Community Action Day when the whole XU community and alumni are encouraged to give a day of service to the larger community, a monthly service opportunity at St. Francis Seraph Soup Kitchen, and Alternative Breaks offering opportunities to serve in the United States and abroad during fall and spring breaks. A total of 25 immersion trips are offered., NFL., physiology professor at., Ohio Secretary of State, 2006 GOP Ohio gubernatorial candidate., for the and, and., and professional player. Widely credited as the 'Father of Naval Special Warfare'., former U.S. Senator from Kentucky, member of. Threw baseball's seventh as a member of the in 1964., small forward for the., Maryland State Senator., American professional basketball player., Congressman., radio talk show host for 's., American football player., Congressman., first,., surgeon and inventor of the balloon catheter., Congressman., President, and co-founder of., retired NBA forward., poet., admiral., NBA athlete.
(Class of 1973), member of the and lawyer., science fiction author., U.S. Ambassador to Singapore., member of the., retired NBA All Star forward; played 14 seasons with 5 teams., NFL player., U.S. Xavier University.
Archived from on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2017. Xavier University.
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Retrieved September 19, 2014. Hawley, Brad (March 20, 2016). Retrieved June 30, 2018. Daughterty, Paul (June 3, 1997). Gannett Company. Retrieved June 30, 2018. Toledo, Ohio.
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Retrieved January 14, 2016. Branch, John (March 15, 2010). New York Times. January 2, 2008.
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Accessed September 13, 2016. Riley, Dem., Gloucester Township - Mr. Riley was born Sept. 13, 1945, in Ottawa, Ill. He studied at Xavier University and the University of Cincinnati, and received his law degree at the Camden Law School of Rutgers University in 1972, the year of his admission to the bar.' Further reading. Fortin, Roger Antonio (November 1, 2006).:.
Retrieved January 11, 2016.External links.
We provide evidence that average mental, physical, and general health worsens for employed workers in local U.S. Labor markets exposed to greater import competition from China. The effects are greatest for mental health.
Moving a region from the 25th to 75th percentiles of import exposure corresponds to a 7.8% increase in the morbidity of poor mental health, adding about 3 days of poor mental health per year for the average adult. Concurrently, the ability to afford health care decreases. Our results complement documented consequences of import competition on labor markets and temporary business cycle shocks on health outcomes.
1 INTRODUCTIONTemporary business cycle fluctuations and labor market shocks affect mental and physical health (Charles & DeCicca,; Marcus,; Miller, Page, Stevens, & Filipski,; Ruhm,; Tefft, ). Evidence using administrative datasets similarly link job loss and uncertainty to short‐term deteriorations in health and mortality rates (Browning & Heinesen,; Eliason & Storrie,; Fletcher, Sindelar, & Yamaguchi,; Sullivan & von Wachter, ). It is not clear that similar relationships exist for more persistent labor market adjustments. To provide this evidence, we relate health outcomes in local U.S. Markets to persistent import competition shocks from China.Chinese supply shocks in U.S.
Markets have significant effects on U.S. Firms and labor markets (Bernard, Jensen, & Schott,; Ebenstein, Harrison, McMillan, & Phillips,; Pierce & Schott, ). Across the United States, these effects are geographically concentrated in local labor markets that house import‐competing industries (Autor, Dorn, & Hanson, ). Trade shocks differ from recessions in important ways.1 Notably, it would seem that temporary business cycle shocks cannot explain the rise in morbidity and mortality of working‐age American males between 1999 and 2013 documented by Case and Deaton ( ). Import‐competing regions continue to experience lower wages and employment rates 15 years after China joined the World Trade Organization (Autor, Dorn, & Hanson, ).We follow Autor et al.' S ( ) instrumental variable strategy to identify the effect of commuting zone (CZ)‐level import competition shocks on local health outcomes according to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).2 This identification strategy in this paper is novel to the health literature but has been successful in other contexts (Dix‐Carneiro et al.,; Feler & Senses,; Greenland & Lopresti, ). Our main results show that competition affects self‐reported mental health.
Moving a CZ from the 25th percentile to the 75th percentile of import exposure between 2000 and 2007 adds 0.26 additional days of poor mental health per month to the average adult, 7.8% of the sample mean. Adverse general health effects are greatest among the employed and those working for wages. Concurrently, import shocks increase the share of people unable to afford necessary health care and weakly reduces the share of people with health care coverage. Using the CZ as the unit of observation differs from previous research exploring the effect of unemployment on health outcomes of individuals.3 Research linking job loss to worker health using individual data (e.g., Marcus,; Sullivan & von Wachter, ) rely on the assumption that firm decisions are independent of workers' health. Instead, our identification assumption is that Chinese productivity gains that drive import competition are independent of CZ‐level health outcomes. Import competition can affect entire labor markets, and aggregating to the CZ allows us to capture the physical and mental health effects of all competition‐related effects including job insecurity, temporary employment, underemployment, and work‐related stress (Cheng & Chan,; Clark, Knabe, & Ratzel,; Dooley, Prause, & Ham‐Rowbottom,; Ferrie,; Luechinger, Meier, & Stutzer,; Sverke, Hellgren, & Naswall, ).Our results contribute to a large literature at the intersection of labor and health. Research using data from the 1970s to the 1990s finds that mortality rates fall during recessions (Gerdtham & Ruhm, 2006; Neumayer,; Ruhm, ).
The countercyclical relationship is partly attributed to a temporary fall in working hours and more leisure time (Ruhm, ), better diet and exercise, less smoking during economic downturns (Ruhm, ), and decreased hazardous activities such as driving (Miller et al., ). The procyclical relationship between mortality and macroeconomic conditions is less pronounced in recent years. Ruhm ( ) and McInerney and Mellor ( ) both find an insignificant relationship between overall mortality and unemployment rates using data from the 1990s and 2000s. Between 1991 and 2010, the relationship between unemployment and deaths from cardiovascular disease and transportation is positive, but cancer and accidental poisoning decrease as unemployment increases (Ruhm, ).Mental health differs from physical health and appears to be procyclical. Suicides rise (Ruhm, ), internet searches for “depression” increase with unemployment rates (Tefft, ), and higher unemployment rates are positively associated with declines in mental health (Charles & DeCicca, ). Studies using administrative data generally support these results and find that job loss leads to greater hospitalizations and deaths due to alcohol disease, mental illness, and suicides (Browning & Heinesen,; Eliason & Storrie,; Sullivan & von Wachter, ).Empirical estimates of the mental and physical health effects of the business cycle do not necessarily generalize to sustained labor market adjustments.
As compared with short‐run recessions, some behavioral responses might dissipate over long‐term adjustments and others might compound. Import competition displaces workers into other occupations and industries where they earn lower wages and have shorter job tenures (Autor, Dorn, Hanson, & Song,; Ebenstein et al., ). Lastly, from a policy point of view, persistent health effects motivate long‐term policy actions that are not warranted by recessions.The results in our paper also add to recent papers that explore the health consequences of structural changes to the labor market caused by increased import competition. Complementary work on mortality in Pierce and Schott ( ) finds a significant link between import shocks and suicides and accidental deaths using an alternative identification strategy.
Hummels, Munch, and Xiang ( ) find that positive export shocks at Danish firms increase worker injuries and illnesses. McManus and Schaur ( ) find that import shocks affect safety conditions in competing firms. In the current paper, we extend this recent work by identifying broader consequences for mental and physical health.
2.1 Stress mechanismsInterdisciplinary evidence shows that involuntary job loss worsens self‐related health (Burgard, Brand, & House, ) and psychological morbidity in the way of depression (Burgard et al., ), hospitalizations related to alcohol and self‐harm (Eliason & Storrie, ), suicides (Eliason & Storrie, ), and mortality due to accidents, alcohol‐related disease, and mental illness (Browning & Heinesen, ). These effects worsen over sustained periods of unemployment. Classen and Dunn ( ) find that unemployment duration predominantly explains the relationship between job loss and suicide. We expect similar health consequences among the employed. Underemployment (Dooley et al., ), insecure or temporary employment (Ferrie, ), and job insecurity (Clark et al.,; Luechinger et al., ) increase psychological morbidity as much as shifts into unemployment.4 The effects can be attributed to financial strain (Vinokur, Price, & Caplan,; Kessler, House, & Turner, ) and uncertainty over present and future income (Catalano,; Catalano & Dooley, ). 2.2 Behavioral mechanismsFalls in household income5 Our empirical strategy captures the labor market consequences of import competition, which include a fall in household income (Autor et al., ). We do not identify the endogenous gains in real income gains from access to cheaper imports that may tend to improve (or worsen) health.
Tend to worsen physical and mental health to the extent they reduce access to health care, financial investments in health, and consumption of medicine and healthy foods. Sustained deprivations may exacerbate these effects (Ruhm, ).6 Another channel for trade to affect health—particularly in developing countries—is by improving access to medicine and other health‐related goods. This does not seem to be a prominent mechanism in U.S. Imports from China, however, and lies beyond our analysis. Falls in income tend to improve health to the extent cigarettes, alcohol, and other drugs are normal goods. The same is true for risky activities such as driving, which explains procyclicality of mortality rates (Miller et al.,; Ruhm, ). These effects would seem to grow with sustained income losses as rainy day funds are eventually depleted.7 Health investments such as doctor visits and cancer screenings may be more responsive to short‐term income losses as individuals are willing to temporarily delay but not permanently reduce their medical care.Labor market deteriorations can also improve health by decreasing the opportunity cost of time‐intensive doctor visits, exercise, and leisure.
Ruhm ( ) and Charles and DeCicca ( ) find support for these mechanisms during recessions. Regarding import competition, manufacturing workers permanently displaced into other sectors face lower incomes (Ebenstein et al., ) but do not likely benefit from increased time for leisure and healthier lifestyles. 3 DATA AND MEASUREMENTWe follow Autor et al. Briefly, they construct a per‐capita measure of import competition within a local labor market. First, they map UN Comtrade data for U.S.
Imports from China at the HS6 product level to SIC4 industries. Next, they apportion each industry's imports to local labor markets—defined as the 722 Census CZs covering the mainland United States—based on their share of national industry employment.10 Aggregating data to the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), county or state level increases the possibility that a firm in an import‐competing industry is harmed by a trade shock, but the affected workers live in a different geographic area according to the data.The main regressor of interest is the per‐capita measure of the change in Chinese import exposure in local labor market i following base year t. (1)whereis the share of region i's labor force employed in industry j in the base year andis the per‐worker growth in U.S.
Imports from China in the industry (in $1,000s). Figure provides a map of this per‐capita growth in import competition across CZs in the United States between 2000 and 2007. The variation in this measure is driven by heterogeneity in the employment structure across CZs.
As an instrument for this measure of import competition, they construct a similar second measure that uses lagged employment levels and growth in Chinese imports in an aggregate of eight other high‐income countries,11 This country group—Australia, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Japan, New Zealand, Spain, and Switzerland—is used in Autor et al. ( ) and much of the work that has followed and is chosen based on their similarities to the United States and the availability of historical import data at the detailed product level needed to identify industry‐specific shocks. Along withandfor the period 2000–2007, we use Autor et al. ( ) data for net imports and trade in final goods and data for CZ population, employment, and demographic control variables. Growth in Chinese import competition per worker across U.S.
Commuting zones: 2000–2007. Key displays per‐capita growth in U.S. Imports from China in USD predicted by the instrument, growth in Chinese imports in other OECD countries, as explained in the paper Colour figure can be viewed at For our main dependent variables, we collect health data from the Center of Disease Control's BRFSS.
The BRFSS is a national telephone survey that monitors a broad range of health‐related behaviors and outcomes. The survey became nationally representative in 1993 and completes over 400,000 adult interviews every year.